Freedom House Endnotes 1 Freedom House interview with Sardar Pashaei, February 2022. 2 Based on the 2022 edition of Freedom in the World. 63 of 85 incidents, Freedom House Transnational Repression Database, Version 3. 3 Human Rights Watch, “Thailand: Cambodian Refugees Forcibly Returned,” November 12, 2021, https://www.hrw.org/news/2021/11/12/ thailand-cambodian-refugees-forcibly-returned. 4 Safeguard Defenders, “Trapped in Dubai: China’s hunt for a teenage dissident,” May 25, 2021, https://safeguarddefenders.com/en/blog/ trapped-dubai-china-s-hunt-teenage-dissident. 5 See case of Gurbuz Sevilay, Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances, “Communications transmitted, cases examined, observations made and other activities conducted by the Working Group on Enforced or Involuntary Disappearances,” document reference A/HRC/ WGEID/123/1, April 30, 2021. 6 25 of 85 cases, Freedom House Transnational Repression Database, Version 3. 7 Brian Whitmore, “Bizarre Belarus ‘coup plot’ has all the hallmarks of a classic Kremlin drama,” Atlantic Council, April 21, 2021, https://www.atlanticcouncil. org/blogs/belarusalert/bizarre-belarus-coup-plot-has-all-the-hallmarks-of-aclassic-kremlin-drama/; The cooperation of the countries’ security agencies was confirmed in a statement from the Russian Federal Security Service, “ФСБ России совместно с КГБ Республики Беларусь пресечена противоправная деятельность граждан Республики Беларусь Зянковича Юрия Леонидовича и Федуты Александра Иосифовича, планировавших осуществление военного переворота в Белоруссии [The FSB of Russia, together with the KGB of the Republic of Belarus, stopped the illegal activities of citizens of the Republic of Belarus Yury Leonidovich Zyankovich and Alexander Iosifovich Feduta, who were planning a military coup in Belarus],” April 14, 2021, http://www.fsb.ru/fsb/press/message/single. htm%21id%3D10439220%40fsbMessage.html. 15 Radio Liberty, “Иззат Амон депортирован из России и задержан в Душанбе. Его родные назвали эти действия незаконными [Izzat Amon was deported from Russia and detained in Dushanbe. His family called these actions illegal.],” March 27, 2021, https://rus. ozodi.org/a/31172269.html. 16 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty Tajik Service, “Tajik Prosecutor Seeks Nine Years in Prison for Well-Known Human Rights Defender,” September 29, 2021, https://www.rferl.org/a/tajikistan-amon-activist-nine-years/31484122.html. 8 Anton Troianovski, “Lithuania Welcomes Belarusians as It Rebuffs Middle Easterners,” The New York Times, November 23, 2021, https://www.nytimes. com/2021/11/23/world/europe/lithuania-migrants-belarus-middle-east.html. 17 Amnesty International, “Belarus: Raman Pratasevich forced televised ‘confession’ amounts to ill-treatment,” June 4, 2021, https://www.amnesty. org/en/latest/news/2021/06/belarus-raman-pratasevich-forced-televisedconfession-amounts-to-ill-treatment/. 18 9 Chantal Da Silva and The Associated Press, “Belarusian Olympian says punishment awaited her back home as she heads to Poland,” NBC News, August 2, 2021, https://www.nbcnews.com/news/olympics/belarusianolympian-says-punishment-awaited-her-back-home-she-heads-n1275794. 10 Radio Liberty, “«Цешыўся, што трапіў у расейскую турму». Лідзянін з Масквы пра адміністраваньне беларускіх тэлеграм-чатаў, арышт і ўцёкі,[“I was glad to be in a Russian prison.” Lidyanin from Moscow about the administration of Belarusian Telegram channels, arrests and escapes,” July 6, 2021, https://www.svaboda. org/a/31343912.html; Memorial Human Rights Center, “Pinchuk, Yana Vitalievna,” https://memohrc.org/ru/defendants/pinchuk-yana-vitalevna/. 11 Free Russia Foundation, “12 Years in Prison for Running a Telegram Channel: The Case of 24-year-old Belarusian Yana Pinchuk,” January 24, 2022, https://www.4freerussia.org/the-case-of-yana-pinchuk/. 12 Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty Belarus Service, “Russian Court Allows Kickboxer’s Extradition to Belarus Despite Torture Concerns,” July 22, 2021, https://www.rferl.org/a/russia-extradite-belarus-kickboxer-alyakseykudzin/31371195.html. 13 Tim Lister, “An American lawyer went to a lunch date in Moscow. Now he’s languishing in a jail cell in Belarus,” CNN, July 6, 2021, https://www.cnn. com/2021/07/06/europe/belarus-abduction-youras-ziankovich-intl-cmd/ index.html. 14 21 of 85 incidents according to the Freedom House Transnational Repression Database, Version 3. In all but one of the incidents, the host state was either China or Turkmenistan. “Turkey: Transnational Repression Case Study,” https://freedomhouse.org/ report/transnational-repression/turkey; and “Russia: Transnational Repression Case Study,” https://freedomhouse.org/report/transnational-repression/russia, in Schenkkan and Linzer “Out of Sight, Not Out of Reach,” Freedom House, February 2021. 19 Stockholm Center for Freedom, “Uyghurs living in Turkey fear deportation to China as police detain dozens,” January 22, 2021, https://stockholmcf.org/ uyghurs-living-in-turkey-fear-deportation-to-china-as-police-detain-dozens/. 20 Eva Xiao, “Exiled Uighurs in Turkey Fear China’s Long Reach – ‘We Are All Panicking Now’,” The Wall Street Journal, February 3, 2021, https://www.wsj.com/ articles/exiled-uighurs-fear-chinas-reach-will-erode-turkish-haven-11612178314. 21 Asim Kashgarian and Ezel Sahinkaya, “Turkey Cracks Down on Uighur Protests After China Complains,” Voice of America, March 5, 2021, https://www.voanews. com/a/east-asia-pacific_turkey-cracks-down-uighur-protesters-after-chinacomplains/6202920.html. 22 Dorian Jones, “Uyghur Leader Detained in Turkey as China Foreign Minister Visits,” Voice of America, March 26, 2021, https://www.voanews.com/a/europe_ uyghur-leader-detained-turkey-china-foreign-minister-visits/6203791.html. 23 Asim Kashgarian, “Uyghur Man’s Long Journey to Freedom May End With Return to China,” Voice of America, January 13, 2022, https://www.voanews. com/a/uyghur-man-s-long-journey-to-freedom-may-end-with-return-tochina/6395787.html. 24 freedomhouse.org 37