24 PSYCHOLOGICAL AND EMOTIONAL WAR Square Massacre and a person approached her and handed over legal documents informing her that she had been sued for 10 million Canadian dollars. Liu observes that while she felt safe when she first arrived in Canada, which was shortly after the Tiananmen Square Massacre, this feeling has since dissipated. While she feels like she has escaped repression in China, she also feels in constant danger in Canada. For example, Liu described herself as “really scared” and explains that “sometimes I laugh at myself, I escaped from China, from the killing, from the persecution [...] from the horrible danger, to Canada and the danger is getting more and more. The pressure is getting more and more here.” This fear of digital and physical targeting has impacted many aspects of Liu’s life, such as her social life. Other members of the Chinese diaspora in Canada who fear the CCP try to stay away from Liu, both online and offline. Liu reported various offline and online threats that she experienced to the police, but the police said there was nothing they could do. In the face of such repression, Liu is concerned not only about her own safety, but that of all dissidents in Canada. The Availability of Resources to Address Digital Transnational Repression Participants noted a lack of formal resources from non-governmental organizations and the private sector for addressing digital targeting. For example, one Syrian activist explained that they were able to respond to hacking attempts by relying on a friend, a digital security expert, who could then reopen their account. However, they then observed that “[o]ther than that, I have nothing.” One participant (subsequently identified as Amir) coordinated with established organizations in civil society and in the private sector to address digital threats against Syrian activists and presented at an industry-led conference. This same participant observed that the Canadian government did not provide a course or seminar to raise awareness regarding digital security risks for small businesses. An Iranian activist (previously identified as Arash) spoke with his employer and asked for his devices to be checked. One Tibetan human rights activist spoke to the Canadian and Tibetan media about the digital targeting they were suffering. However, they noted that it was a “challenge” to receive appropriate “emotional support and personal support.” A Syrian activist attempted to speak directly with Facebook regarding their community pages being shut down on the social media site. They also attempted to speak to the US Department of State regarding the issue. However, neither intervention yielded any results. Participants reached out to external organizations with experience in digital security, but these outreach attempts were not always successful.