Freedom House with the Chinese embassy in Turkey, which routinely refuses to renew passports and tries to convince Uyghurs to return to China by issuing one-way travel documents.43 However, residence permits do not guarantee safety or security. Permits can be denied or canceled, especially if security or terrorism concerns are invoked. Turkey does not seem to closely vet the sources of these accusations and has detained Uyghurs in deportation centers because their names have appeared on a Chinese wanted list.44 Though Turkey claims not to deport Uyghurs to China, there have been reports that some Uyghurs have ended up back in China after being deported to third countries; in one such case, Zinnetgul Tursun, Abdullah Ahmedov, and their two young children were reportedly deported from Turkey to Tajikistan; Tursun and her children were subsequently returned to China in 2019, while Ahmedov’s fate is unclear.45 Last year, arrests and detentions of Uyghurs, often accompanied by threats of deportation, markedly increased.46 As noted in the security section, many Though Turkey claims not to deport Uyghurs to China, there have been reports that some Uyghurs have ended up back in China after being deported to third countries. observers have attributed this to positive changes in the relationship between Turkey and China. The looming threat of a formal extradition treaty, already ratified by China, increases feelings of precarity among Uyghurs in Turkey and has serious consequences for their ability to effectively engage in activism on behalf of relatives and friends experiencing repression inside China. freedomhouse.org 7