Freedom House Michael Levenson, “F.B.I. Secretly Bought Israeli Spyware and Explored Hacking U.S. Phones,” The New York Times, January 28, 2022, https://www. nytimes.com/2022/01/28/world/middleeast/israel-pegasus-spyware.html. 26 Edward Wong and Chris Buckley, “U.S. Says China’s Repression of Uighurs is ‘Genocide’,” The New York Times, January 19, 2021, https://www.nytimes. com/2021/01/19/us/politics/trump-china-xinjiang.html. 27 Mariam Kiparoidze, “Authoritarian Regimes are using Interpol to hunt down their critics,” Coda, September 28, 2021, https://www.codastory.com/ authoritarian-tech/INTERPOL-red-notice/. 28 Bradley Jardine and Lucille Greer, “Beyond Silence: Collaboration Between Arab States and China in the Transnational Repression of Uyghurs,” The Oxus Society for Central Asian Affairs and Uyghur Human Rights Project, April 2022, https://oxussociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/MENA-Report-Formatted_ PI_2022-03-23.pdf. 29 Lin Taylor, “Defying Chinese surveillance young Uyghurs abroad speak up online,” Reuters, May 4, 2021, https://www.reuters.com/article/ us-china-tech-uighurs/defying-chinese-surveillance-young-uyghurs-abroadspeak-up-online-idUSKBN2CL1RE. 30 Rebecca Wright and Ivan Watson, “She tweeted from Sweden about the plight of her Uyghur cousin, in Xinjiang, the authorities were watching,” CNN, December 17, 2020, https://www.cnn.com/2020/12/16/china/uyghurs-silencedabroad-intl-dst-hnk/index.html. 31 Benjamin Haas, “ ‘Think of your family’: China threatens European citizens over Xinjiang protests,” The Guardian, October 19, 2019, https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/oct/17/ think-of-your-family-china-threatens-european-citizens-over-xinjiang-protests. 32 Harvest Prude and Haley Byrd Wilt, “U.S. Admitted Zero Uyghurs Refugees in Fiscal 2021,” The Dispatch, October 21, 2021, https://uphill.thedispatch. com/p/us-admitted-zero-uyghur-refugees?s=r; Kira Monin, Jeanne Batalova and Tianjian Lai, “Refugees and Asylees in the United States,” Migration Policy Institute, May 13, 2021, https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/ refugees-and-asylees-united-states-2021. 33 Refugee Processing Center, “Admissions and Arrivals,” https://www.wrapsnet. org/admissions-and-arrivals/. 34 The total Uyghur diaspora in the US is between 8,000 and 10,000 people according to the Uyghur American Association, https://www.uyghuraa.org/ who-are-the-uyghurs. 35 James T. Areddy and Michelle Hackman, “China’s Muslin Uighurs are Stuck in U.S. Immigration Limbo,” The Wall Street Journal, July 28, 2020, https://www.wsj.com/articles/ chinas-muslim-uighurs-are-stuck-in-u-s-immigration-limbo-11595937603. 36 USCIS currently has 9.5 million pending applications to process. This represents an increase of 3.8 million since 2019. Muzaffar Chishti and Julia Gelatt, “Mounting Backlogs Undermine U.S. Immigration System and Impede Biden Policy Changes,” Migration Policy Institute, February 23, 2022, https://www.migrationpolicy.org/article/ us-immigration-backlogs-mounting-undermine-biden. 37 Human Rights First, “Protection Postponed: Asylum Office Backlogs Cause Suffering, Separate Families, and Undermine Integration,” April 2021, https:// www.humanrightsfirst.org/sites/default/files/Protection_Postponed.pdf. 38 39 Freedom House interview with Ferkat Jawdat, February 2022. Sebastian Rotella and Kirsten Berg, “Operation Fox Hunt: How China Exports Repression Using a Network of Spies Hidden in Plain Sight,” ProPublica, July 22, 2021, https://www.propublica.org/article/operation-fox-hunt-how-chinaexports-repression-using-a-network-of-spies-hidden-in-plain-sight. 40 Federal Bureau of Investigation National Press Office, “FBI Director Christopher Wray’s Remarks at Press Conference Regarding China’s Operation Fox Hunt,” October 28, 2020, https://www.fbi.gov/news/pressrel/press-releases/ fbi-director-christopher-wrays-remarks-at-press-conference-regarding-chinasoperation-fox-hunt. 41 The two exceptions are the indictment announced against four individuals in connection to a conspiracy to kidnap Masih Alinejad, a well-known women’s rights activist and critic of the Iranian government and the indictment for aircraft piracy announced in connection to the forced landing of a Ryanair flight by Belarusian authorities. 42 Department of Justice, U.S. Attorney’s Office, Eastern District of New York, “New York City Police Department Officer Charged with Acting as an Illegal Agent of the People’s Republic of China,” September 21, 2020, https://www. justice.gov/usao-edny/pr/new-york-city-police-department-officer-chargedacting-illegal-agent-people-s-republic. 43 Department of Justice, Office of Public Affairs, “Five Individuals Charged Variously with Stalking, Harassing and Spying on U.S. Residents on Behalf of the PRC Secret Police,” March 16, 2022, https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/ five-individuals-charged-variously-stalking-harassing-and-spying-us-residentsbehalf-prc-0. 44 The Swedish Security Service, 2020 Yearbook, https://www.sakerhetspolisen. se/download/18.4ffee9b31787cb4eddc4ec/1624002656682/Swedish%20 security%20service%20annual%20report2020.pdf. 45 Rozina Ali, “The ‘Herald Square Bomber’ Who Wasn’t,” The New York Times Magazine, April 15, 2021, https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/15/ magazine/fbi-international-terrorism-informants.html; Nicole Nguyen, Suspect Communities: Anti-Muslim Racism and the Domestic War on Terror. (University of Minnesota Press, 2019); Alexia Fernandez, “Muslim boy who was arrested for building a clock says his family was forced to leave the U.S. for safety,” Los Angeles Times, August 8, 2016, https://www.latimes.com/nation/ nationnow/la-na-muslim-student-clock-lawsuit-20160808-snap-story.html. 46 France 24, “Hotel Rwanda ‘hero’ refuses trial, star US witness takes stand,” March 24, 2021, https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20210324-hotelrwanda-hero-refuses-trial-star-us-witness-takes-stand. 47 U.S. Department of Justice, “Exhibit A to Registration Statement Pursuant to the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, amendment,” June 12, 2013, https://efile.fara.gov/docs/6175-Exhibit-AB-20130612-1.pdf; “Report of the Attorney General to the Congress of the United States on the Administration of the Foreign Agents Registration Act of 1938, as amended for the six months ending June 30, 2013,” https://www.justice.gov/file/991391/download. 48 Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe, “Helsinki Commission Welcomes Passage of TRAP Provisions in 2022 National Defense Authorization Act,” December 15, 2021, https://www.csce.gov/international-impact/ press-and-media/press-releases/helsinki-commission-welcomes-passage-trap. 49 freedomhouse.org 19