CITIZEN LAB RESEARCH REPORT NO.151 23 An activist from Balochistan noted that they did not feel physically safe in Canada and were advised by police and CSIS to take certain precautionary measures. A pro-democracy activist from Hong Kong (previously identified as Li) recounted that, two days after a report came out regarding the harassment of anti-CCP activists in Canada, she was chased on the street to her apartment building. She also recounted that, while at a protest, she was approached by someone who got up in her face and said that they were going to kill her. A Rwandan social and political activist noted that several of their friends were assassinated in exile or had been subject to assassination attempts. The participant recounted how the government of their country of origin had nearly kidnapped them from Kenya, but they escaped. To deter future attempts while they were working in Kenya, they had to take a series of precautions. An Iranian activist (previously identified as Arash) also noted that he had taken certain measures to protect his physical safety, such as changing his “patterns of movement,” not announcing his travel plans, and not travelling to countries where Iran has a strong presence. Liu: A Pro-democracy Activist from China93 Liu was born in China and fled to Canada in 1989 due to political repression. While she is no longer living in China, she continues her pro-democracy work from Canada. Liu writes and organizes activities around the struggle for democracy in China and challenges the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)’s attempts to manipulate the overseas narrative about China. Due to this work, Liu has been subjected to numerous forms of offline and online threats—she has had her devices compromised, been targeted with socially engineered phishing attempts, and been the subject of unauthorized attempts to access her email and social media accounts. The activist was also subjected to gender-based threats online. For example, in 2013, while preparing for an international conference in Toronto, Liu discovered that conference attendees received fabricated nude photos of her. Further, Liu was subjected to doxxing and her personal information was posted in online ads soliciting sex services. For offline threats, Liu believes that the Chinese government attempted to stop the publication of her book as she received threatening calls asking her to stop publication. Liu was also targeted with offline disinformation campaigns. For example, an individual distributed printed fliers with defamatory content about Liu to members of Parliament in Ottawa and pasted Liu’s photo on lampposts in the city. On one occasion, Liu was invited to speak about the Tiananmen 93 The participant has been assigned a pseudonym to protect their identity.