Freedom House
Freedom House found 18 countries where China was the origin country
for physical incidents of transnational repression. The larger count includes
countries where diasporas experienced digital intimidation and where Fox
Hunt cases took place.
57
Speeches given in December 2015 by Meng Jianzhu (CCP Politburo member
and head of the Political Legal Committee overseeing the domestic security
apparatus), Guo Shengkun (minister of public security at the time), and Fu
Zhenghua (then deputy minister of public security and head of the 6-10
Office, now minister of justice). See text at Association for the Defense of
Human Rights and Religious Freedom, https://www.adhrrf.org/wp-content/
uploads/2017/12/20160124.pdf.
58
Uyghur Human Rights Project, “Repression across Borders: The CCP’s Illegal
Harassment and Coercion of Uyghur Americans,” August 2019, https://docs.
uhrp.org/pdf/UHRP_RepressionAcrossBorders.pdf.
59
Sarah Cook and Leeshai Lemish, “The 610 Office: Policing the Chinese
Spirit,” Jamestown Foundation, September 16, 2011, https://jamestown.org/
program/the-610-office-policing-the-chinese-spirit/.
Gopal Sharma, “Nepal Detains Tibetan refugees in Crackdown as China’s
Influence Grows,” Reuters, November 15, 2016, https://www.reuters.com/article/
us-nepal-tibet-refugees-idUSKBN13A2BQ.
69
Canadian Coalition on Human Rights in China and Amnesty International,
“Harassment & Intimidation of Individuals in Canada Working on ChinaRelated Human Rights Concerns,” March 2020, https://www.amnesty.ca/
sites/default/files/Canadian%20Coalition%20on%20Human%20Rights%20
in%20China%20-%20Harassment%20Report%20Update%20-%20Final%20
Version.pdf.
70
J. Michael Cole, “Who’s Waving Those PRC Flags (and Beating People Up)
at Taipei 101?,” Thinking Taiwan, August 16, 2014, http://thinking-taiwan.com/
thinking-taiwan.com/whos-waving-those-ccp-flags/index.html.
71
Alex Joske, “The Party Speaks for You,” Australian Strategic Policy Institute,
June 9, 2020, https://www.aspi.org.au/report/party-speaks-you.
72
60
Nicole Perlroth, Kate Conger, and Paul Mozur, “China Sharpens Hacking
to Hound Its Minorities, Far and Wide,” New York Times, October 22, 2019,
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/10/22/technology/china-hackers-ethnicminorities.html?smid=nytcore-ios-share.
61
Pallavi Pundir, “India Is Arresting Tibetans ahead of Chinese President’s
Visit,” Vice, October 11, 2019, https://www.vice.com/en/article/kz4xwa/
india-is-arresting-tibetans-ahead-of-chinese-presidents-visit.
62
“Serbia Expels Arrested Falun Gong Members,” Balkan
Insight, December 18, 2014, https://balkaninsight.com/2014/12/18/
serbia-expels-arrested-falun-gong-members/.
63
Joseph Sipalan, “Malaysia’s Mahathir Says Uighurs Released Because They
Did Nothing Wrong,” Reuters, October 15, 2018, https://www.reuters.com/
article/us-malaysia-uighurs/malaysias-mahathir-says-uighurs-released-becausethey-did-nothing-wrong-idUSKCN1MP09J; “Malaysia’s New Govt Says It Won’t
Hand Over Uyghur Refugees to China,” Radio Free Asia, September 4, 2020,
https://www.rfa.org/english/news/uyghur/malaysia-china-09042020194348.html.
64
Nour Youssef, “Egyptian Police Detain Uighurs and Deport Them to China,”
New York Times, July 6, 2017, https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/06/world/asia/
egypt-muslims-uighurs-deportations-xinjiang-china.html.
65
“Просивших политубежище в Казахстане этнических
казахов передадут Китаю” [Ethnic Kazakhs who applied for
66
political asylum in Kazakhstan to be handed over to China], VLAST,
June 12, 2019, https://vlast.kz/novosti/36299-prosivsih-politubezise-vkazahstane-etniceskih-kazahov-peredadut-v-kitaj.html; Leila Adilzhan,
“Three Refugees from Xinjiang in Kazakhstan Will Not Be Deported
to China,” Bitter Winter, January, 22, 2020, https://bitterwinter.org/
refugees-from-xinjiang-in-kazakhstan-will-not-be-deported/.
Amnesty International, “Urgent Action: Uighur Man Faces Forcible Return
to China,” October 5, 2018, https://www.amnesty.org/download/Documents/
MDE2591872018ENGLISH.pdf.
67
Helene Franchineau, “Uygur Restaurateur from Xinjiang, Detained in Turkey
for Suspected Terror Links, Wary of China’s Reach,” South China Morning Post,
February 5, 2019, https://www.scmp.com/news/world/europe/article/2184860/
uygur-restaurateur-xinjiang-detained-turkey-suspected-terror-links.
68
Matt Schrader, “Friends and Enemies: A Framework for Understanding
Chinese Political Interference in Democratic Countries,” Alliance for Securing
Democracy, April 22, 2020, https://securingdemocracy.gmfus.org/wp-content/
uploads/2020/05/Friends-and-Enemies-A-Framework-for-UnderstandingChinese-Political-Interference-in-Democratic-Countries.pdf.
73
Alex Joske, “Reorganizing the United Front Work Department: New
Structures for a New Era of Diaspora and Religious Affairs Work,”
Jamestown Foundation, May 9, 2019, https://jamestown.org/program/
reorganizing-the-united-front-work-department-new-structures-for-a-newera-of-diaspora-and-religious-affairs-work/.
74
US Department of Justice, “New York City Police Department Officer
Charged with Acting as an Illegal Agent of the People’s Republic of China:
Complaint,” September 19, 2020, https://www.justice.gov/opa/press-release/
file/1318496/download.
75
World Uyghur Congress, “Seeking a Place to Breathe Freely,” June 2016,
https://www.uyghurcongress.org/en/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/2017/06/
WUC-Refugee-Report-Updated-June-2017.pdf; Sarah Cook, “The Long Shadow
of Chinese Censorship: How the Communist Party’s Media Restrictions Affect
News Outlets around the World,” Center for International Media Assistance,
October 22, 2013, https://www.cima.ned.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/
CIMA-China_Sarah%20Cook.pdf; US Congress, “H.Con.Res.304—Expressing
the sense of Congress regarding oppression by the Government of the
People’s Republic of China of Falun Gong in the United States and in China,”
2003, https://www.congress.gov/bill/108th-congress/house-concurrentresolution/304/text; Naomi Xu Elegant, “If you’re reading this, Beijing says its
new Hong Kong security law applies to you,” Fortune, July 7, 2020, https://
fr.reuters.com/article/idUSLA502381.
76
Mannheimer Swartling, “Applicability of Chinese National Intelligence
Law to Chinese and Non-Chinese Entities,” January 2019, https://www.
mannheimerswartling.se/globalassets/nyhetsbrev/msa_nyhetsbrev_nationalintelligence-law_jan-19.pdf; Bird & Bird LLP, “China’s long-awaited draft Data
Security Law released—What does it cover (and not cover)?,” Lexology, July
6, 2020, https://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=67e3bd08-554c-437a8d3e-b8cf4ded3021; Naomi Xu Elegant, “If you’re reading this, Beijing says its
new Hong Kong security law applies to you,” Fortune, July 7, 2020, https://
fortune.com/2020/07/07/hong-kong-law-scope-extraterritorial-jurisdiction/.
77
Shohret Hoshur et al., “Uyghurs Studying Abroad Ordered Back to Xinjiang
under Threat to Families,” Radio Free Asia, May 9, 2017, https://www.rfa.org/
english/news/uyghur/ordered-05092017155554.html.
78
freedomhouse.org
63
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